Poland Substates

1475-78 Duchess Barbara von Ohlau
Also known as Barbara Oleśnicka, s he was daughter of Duke Konrad IX and Małgorzata.

1647-86 Hereditary Duchess Elisabeth Marie of Münsterberg-Oels (Ziębice-Oleśnica)
1664-72 Regent Dowager Duchess of Württemberg-Oels
Also known as Elżbieta Maria Podiebrad, she was the only child of the Slesian Duke Karl Friedrich, she was married Silvius Nimrod von Württemberg (1622-64), and after her father's death, he was granted the Duchy by emperor Ferdinand III and he founded the line of Württemberg-Oels, the first Slesian line, and after his death, she was regent for two sons, Silvius Friederich (1651-97) and Christian Ulrich (1652-1702), who were declared prematurely of age by the Emperor against her protests. She lived (1625-86).

1676-1702 Reigning Dowager Duchess Eleonora Charlotte zu Württemberg-Mömpelgard of Twardogóra in Oleśnica
In Polish she is known as Elonora Karolina, and she held the territory after her marriage to her father's cousin, Prince Sylvius Friederich zu Württemberg-Oels or Sylwiusz Fryderyk of Oleśnica (1651-97)) as her dorwy. Its German name was Festenburg. Her husband was son of Duke Sylvius Nimrod von Württemberg-Juliusburg, and Elisabeth Marie von Münsterberg-Öls and she was daughter of Duke Georg II von Württemberg-Mömpelgard and Anne de Coligny (1624-80), did not have any children, and (1656-1743).

1684-1704 Regent Dowager Duchess Anna Sofia von Mecklenburg-Schwerin of Bierutów-Radziejów in the Silesian Pricipality of Oleśnica
After the death of her husband, Prince Julius Siegmund zu Württemberg-Oels - or Juliusz Zygmunt of Oleśnica (Oels) (1653-84), she was regent in his parts of the Principality for her son Karol or Karl Friederich zu Württemberg (1681-1725). She lived (1647-1726).

Ohlau (Oława-Lubin) (Oława) (Olawa-Lubin) (Wohlau) (Principality in Slesia)

1441-54/55 Reigning Dowager Duchess Margareta von Oppelen in Oława and Niemcza
Also known as Małgorzata Opolska, she held the principality after the death of her husband Ludwig III of Lüben, Hainau, Ohlau, Nimptich and Brieg. She was the daughter of Duke Bolesław IV of Opole and Małgorzata of Gorycja, mother of 2 sons: Jan and Henryk, and lived (1412/14-1454/5).

1251-87 Politically Influential Duchess Eufemia
Since 1251 she politically active during reign of her husband Duke Władysław I of Opole. The daughter of Władysław Odonic, Duke of Małopolska and Jadwiga, she was mother of 5 children, and lived (1239-87).

1401-1420 Reigning Dowager Duchess Eufemia Mazowiecka
Wife of Duke Władysław Opolczyk. She lived (1352-1418/24)

1442-76 Politically Influential Duchess Magdalena
1474 Regent
Very influential during the reign of her husband Mikołaj I, and in 1474 she acted as regent for him. She lived (1426/30-1497).

Oppeln-Ratibor (Opole-Racibórz) (Opole-Raciborz) (Principality in Slesia)

1230–31 Regent Dowager Duchess Wiola
1233/34–38 Co-Regent
After the death of her husband, Kazimierz she was regent for sons Mieszko II and Władysław, from 1233/34 jointly with Henryk I Brodaty. Born in Bulgaria (d. 1251)

1251-87 Politically Influential Duchess Eufemia
Politically active during reign of her husband Duke Władysław I of Opole. Daughter of Władysław Odonic, Duke of Małopolska and Jadwiga, she was mother of 5 children, and lived (1239-87).

Oświęcim (Oswiecim) (Auschwitz) (Principality in Slesia)

1321/4-1325 Co-ruler Duchess Eufrozyna Mazowiecka
After the death of her husband, Duke Władysław of Cieszyn and Oświęcim, she ruled jointly with her son Jan I Scholastyk. She was daughter of Duke Bolesław II of Mazowsze and Kunegunda, and lived (1292-1329).

Pommern (Pomorze) (Pomerania) At the time a German Principality.

1496-98 Regent Duchess Anna of Poland
Her husband Bogislaw X of Pommern (1454-71-1523) charged her with the government when he left for a meeting with Emperor Maximilian asking him to mediate in the ongoing conflict with his brother-in-law about various lands. He then went on a priligimge to the Holy Land and did not return until two years later. She was his second wife, mother of nine children and daughter of King Kazimierz IV of Poland and Elisabeth of Austria. She lived (1475-1503).

1533-77 Dowager Margarete von Brandenburg of the Office and Town of Tribsees
Her husband, Duke Georg of Pommern, died in 1531 the year after their marriage as his third wife, and she was granted Tribsee as the seat of her dowager government (wittum) two years later. She was daugher of Elector Joachim von Brandenburg and Elisabeth af Danmark and daughter of one daughter, and lived (1511-77).

1592-1631 Dowager Reigning Lady Sophie Hedwig von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel of the Administrative Unit and Castle of Loitz, the Estate of Ludwigsburg bei Greifswald and the Estate of Zerpenzyn (Sophienhof) in Pommern-Wolgast
After the death of her husband, Herzog Ernst Ludwig von Pommern-Wolgast (1545–1592), she took over her dowry that had been expanded by a number of estate through her 15 year long marriage and lived there with her 2 daughters and a son. During the years 1597 to 1601 she followed her son, Duke Philipp Julius von Pommern-Wolgast (1584–1625) to Wolgast to support the education in government affairs conducted by the guardian Duke Bogislaw XIII. She lived (1561–1631).

1625-29 Dowager Reigning Lady Agnes von Brandenburg of the Administrative Unit of Barth in Pommern-Wolgast
After the death of her husband, Duke Philipp Julius von Pommern-Wolgast (1584–1625), she took over the administration in her dorwy, dem Amt Barth. When she married Duke Franz Karl von Sachsen-Lauenburg (1594–1660) in 1628 she lost the right to her dowry but her new husband, who was a General in the Imperial Army forced Duke Bogislaw XIV to grant her the area for life. She was daughter of Elector Johann Georg (1525–1598) and his third wife Elisabeth von Anhalt (1563–1607), did not have any children and lived (1584–1629).

Pommern-Barth-Rügen

1415-circa 26 Regent Dowager Duchess Agnes von Sachen-Lauenburg
One of her close advisors, Kurt Bonow, an old enemy of Stralsund, was killed, probably in 1417, by a member of the Regency Council, Marschall Degner Buggenhagen, who found refuge in Stralsund, but its inhabitants could not prevent that Buggenhagen was killed by Heneke Behr and his followers at the table of her husband's nephew, Duke Wartislaw IX of Pommern-Wolgast on her initiation in 1420. Concequently the cities of Stralsund and Greifswald to send troops to the Castle of Usedom, where Behr had sought refuge, he was caught and punished. She was widow of Wartislaw VIII. von Pommern-Wolgast (1373-1415) and mother of Barnim VIII, Duke of Pommern-Barth-Rügen (circa 1405/07-51) and Swantibor IV (circa 1408/10-32). Also mother of a daughter and another son that died in infancy, and (d. 1435)

1219-21 Regent and Guardian Dowager Duchess Ingardis af Danmark
After the death of her husband Kasimir II (circa 1180-1219), she became regent for her son Wartislaw III. As her sister-in-law Miroslawa took over the government in Slawien the following year, the future of the Principalites of Pommern were very insecure, but both Princesses managed to fend off claims to the Duchies from Brandenburg and maintain the the independence of the Principalities. Her son called himself "the issue of the blod of the Daneking" at his seal, as she was the daughter of Knud III of Denmark (1128-46-79). Her sister, Hildegard, was married to the Wendian duke Jarimar of Rügen. Originally known as Ingegerd, she (d. 1236).

1220-90 Politically Influential Princess Witosława
She was excellent diplomat and political advisor of her brother, Prince Świętopełk II Wielki (the Great). She was Abbes of a Norbertine (Premonstratensian) nunnery in Żuków, and lived (1205-1290)

Pommern-Rügenwalde

1465-97 De-Facto Reigning Duchess Sophia von Hinterpommern of Rügenwalde in Pommern
She left her husband, Erich II of Pommern-Wolgast, Hinterpommern and Stettin (1425-74) and moved with her children to the Duchy of Rügenwalde alone only with the aid of her Lord-Chancellor Lord Ritter Johann von Massow. In 1459 Erich I had died and left the Duchy of Hinterpommern without heirs. Sophia and Erich II hurried there because she saw herself as the sole heir, but the following year a war of succession broke out with various other pretenders. She remained in her lands until her death. She was daughter of Bogislaw IX von Hinterpommern and Sophie von Schleswig-Holstein. She lived (1435-97).

1187-1194/98 Regent Dowager Duchess Anastazja of Poland
Following the death of her husband, Duke Bogislav von Pommern (Bogusław I of Pomorze), she was regent for her sons Bogislaw II and Kasimir II jointly with with Wartislaw II as joint guardian, who sought to have the fief renewed by King Knud of Denmark but also made ties with the German rulers. As it came to a riot against the Danish rule, Knud made a raid to Slawien and replaced Wartislaw with Prince Jaromar von Rügen, whose power she tried to curb. After her son came of age she continued to be active, granting lands to convents etc. She might have taken over as Guardian after her daugther-in-law, Miroslawa died in 1233 leaving her son, Barnim I. (1219-20-78), who was still a minor. Also known as Anastasia, she was daughter of Mieszko III Stary Duke of Wielkopolska and Princess Eudoksja of Russia After 1198 she was still politically active, and lived (before 1164-after 1240).

1220-33 (†) Regent and Guardian Dowager Duchess Miroslawa von Pommeralia
After the death of her husband, Bogislaw II. (circa 1178-871220), she became regent for her son, Barnim I. (1219-20-78). The year before her sister-in-law had taken over the regency in Demmin and both princesses continued the friendly ties to Denmark, and at a Landtag at Ückermünde that Miroslawa and Barnim I. called in 1223 representatives of the Danish King participated. But in spite of this the don't seem to have done anything to help Valdemar II as he was attacked by Count Heinrich von Schwerin later in 1223 at the island of Lyø and imprisoned in Germany together with his sons. He only freed in 1225 after having given up his Wendian possessions, except Rügen, though he fought a war to get his Northgerman possessions back, that ended with his defeat in 1227. (d. 1233).

1418-circa 33 Regent Dowager Duchess Sofia von Schleswig-Holstein
Also known as Zofia Holsztyńska, she reigned in the name of her son Bogusław IX.

Pommern-Stolp (Pomerze-Słupsk) (Pomerze-Slupsk)

1446-49 Regent Dowager Duchess Maria of Poland
After the death of her husband, Bogusław IX, she was regent during the absence of his nephew, King Erik VII of Denmark and Sweden, who had abdicated in 1438 and spend the years 1442-49 as a privateer in the Baltic Seas, until he retired to Pomerania with his partner, Cecilia and lived there until his death in 1459. He was succeeded by her daughter, Zofia. Maria was the daughter of Duke of Mazowsze Siemowit IV and Aleksandra of Poland, a sister of king Władysław II Jagiełło, and lived (1408/15-1454).

1459-74 Duchess Zofia
1474-83 Lady of Darłowo
She left her husband, Erich II of Pommern-Wolgast, Hinterpommern and Stettin (1425-74) and moved with her children to the Duchy of Rïgenwalde alone only with the aid of her Lord-Chancellor Lord Ritter Johann von Massow. In 1459 Erich I (ex-king of Denmark) had died and left the Duchy of Hinterpommern without heirs. Sophia and Erik II hurried there because she saw herself as the sole heir, but the following year a war of succession broke out with various other pretenders. But she remained in her territories until her death. She was daughter of Bogusław IX and Maria, who had been regent for Erik I of Pommerania (ex-king Erik VII of Denmark). She lived (1435-97).

1368-71 Agnes von Braunschweig-Lüneburg
After the death of her husband she took over the regency for her three sons; the joint Dukes of Pommern-Stettin: Kasimir IV (circa 1351-72), Swantibor I (circa 1351-1413) and Bogislaw VII (circa 1355-1404). She was Daugther of Heinrich II. von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen and his first wife Jutta von Brandenburg, and lived (1318-71).

1451-64 Regent Dowager Duchess Elisabeth von Brandenburg
Both her husband, Joachim and his cousin Barnim VIII. von Pommern-Barth, died of the plague, and she took over the regency for her son, Otto III (1444-64) with her brother, Elector Friedrich II. von Brandenburg as co-guardian. In 1454, she married Duke Wartislaw X von Pommern-Rügen und Barth (1435-78) and became mother of two more sons, who died of plague like their older brother in 1564. She lived (1425-65).

1560-66 Joint Guardian Dowager Duchess Maria von Sachsen
After the death of her husband, Philipp I Duke von Pommern-Wolgast (1515-31-60), Council of Regency took over the government for her son, Johann Friedrich (1542-60-1600). She was guardian for her sons who shared the inheritance of another relative, who abdicated in 1569; Bogislaw XIII von Pommern-Barth/Neuenkamp and later of Pommern-Stettin, Ernst Ludwig von Pommern-Wolgast, Barnim X von Pommern-Rügenwalde und Bütow and Kasimir VI, who was Evangelican Bishop of Cammin. She was also guardian for the daughters Amelia, Margaretha and Anna. The Duchy was hit by The Seven Years War (1563-70), which demonstrated how powerless the Duchy was. Lack of finances and of military power, forced it to remain neutral and thereby it ended up as a "playball" between the foreign powers. Her Johann Friederich received the Imperial confirmation of his fief (kaiserliche Belehnung) at the Reichstag in Augsburg in 1566. She was daughter of Duke and Elector Johann von Sachsen and Margareta von Anhalt, and lived (1516-83)

1600-23 Reigning Dowager Lady Dowager Duchess Erdmute von Brandenburg of the Administrative Office of Stolp and the Office and Castle of Schmolsin
Her late husband, Johann Friedrich had become Bishop of Cammin at the age of 14 in 1557 and held the office until 1674, was Duke of Pommern_Wolgast under the regency of his mother from 1560, and in 1569, he and his brother's devided the Duchy of Pommern among them, and he received Stettin. He died 1600). They did not have any children, she lived (1561-1623).

1610-16 Reigning Dowager Lady Dowager Duchess Anna Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Plön of the Office and Castle of Neustettin
She married Bogislaw XIII (1544-1618), who was Duke of Pommern-Barth und Neuenkamp 1569-1603 and of Pommern-Stettin (1603-06) as his second wife in 1601. Two of her sisters; Sophia and Elisabeth, married one of his 11 children by his first wife, and she therby became their mother-in-law. The marriages of all three sisters were childless. After Bogislaw's death, she took over the government in her dowry and died on a journey from Sachsen to Pommern, after having lived (1577-1616).

1618-58 Reigning Dowager Lady Dowager Duchess Sophia von Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Plön of Treptow an der Rega
After the death of her husband, Philipp II, Duke of Pommern-Stettin (1573-1606-18), she took over the government in her dowry. She was daughter of Duke Johann von Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg and Elisabeth von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen, who had a total of 23 children. Her sister, Anna, had married Philipp's father, Bogislaw XIII (1544-1618) in 1601. Sophia's marriage was childless, and she lived (1579-1658).

1620-35 Dowager Duchess Sophia von Sachsen of the Office of Wollin
She probably held Island and Administrative Unit as her dorwy after the death of her husband, Franz von Pommern (1577-1606-20). As it was the case with all the last Dukes of Pommern, their marriage was childless. She was daughter of Duke and Elector Christian I. von Sachsen and Sophia von Brandenburg, and lived (1587-1635).

1622-50 Reigning Dowager Lady Dowager Duchess Hedwig von Braunschweig-Lüneburg of the Office and Castle of Neustein
Her husband Philipp had taken over the Evangelical Bis
1622-60 Reigning Dowager Lady Anna von Pommern-Stettin of Stolp
2 years after the death of her husband, Duke Ernst de Croy et Aerschot, Margrave of Havré, Count de Fonteney et Bayon, Lord de Dammertin et Finstingen, she moved back to Pommeren where her brother, Duke Bogislaws XIV, granted her the tenantcy of Stolp as her dorwy, but had to retreat to Rügenwalde, Stettin and Greifswald during the Swedish-Polish war. She won a case at the Imperial Court that secured her son, Ernst Bogislaw, was awarded his paternal inheritence, but the judgement was never executed. When her brother died as the last male of the family, she inherited his estates. Her son was named Bishop of Cammin, Governor in Hinterpommern and Governor in Eastern Preussia. She was the 11th and last child of Bogislaw XIII. von Pommern-Stettin and his wife Klara von Braunschweig-Lüneburg, and lived (1590-1660).

1637-53 Reigning Dowager Lady Dowager Duchess Elisabeth von Schleswig-Hostein-Plön of The Castle and Administrative Unit of Rügenwalde
At the day of her marriage to Bogislaw XIV, who was the last Duke of Pommern-Stettin (1620-25) and Duke of Pommern (1625-37) and Evangelican Bishop of Cammin (1623-37) he transferred the Schloss and Amt (or Bezierk) von Rügenwalde to her for life. Her husband was a weak ruler, intangled in the chaos of the Thirty Years War. As his brothers and cousins died, he inherited all of Pommern but the united duchies did not have an united administration. In 1633 he suffered a stroke and until his death 4 years later, the Duchy was conducted by a Council of Regency. Her sister, Anna, was the second wife of Bogislaw's father and her sister, Sophia was the wife of her brother-in-law, Philipp II, and as her sisters, she did not have any children. Elisabeth lived (1580-1653).

Pommern-Wolgast (Pomorze Nadodrzańskie) (Szczecińskie) (Nadodrzanske - Szczecinskie)

1278-1316 Reigning Dowager Lady Mechthild von Brandenburg of her Dowry in Pommern-Wolgast
After the death of her husband, Barnim I (circa 1218-29-78), she fought for years with her stepson, Bogislaw IV, over her dowry and a partition of the Duchy in favour of her sons. In 1295 the Estates forced him to give in, and he accepted a partition and gave up Stettin-Greifenhagen in favour of her son, Otto I. She (d. 1316)

1326-46 Guardian Dowager Duchess Elisabeth von Schweidnitz (Schlesien-Glogau)
Parts of the duchy was occupied by Mecklenburg after the death of her husband, Wartislaw IV. von Pommern-Rügen. The areas of Barth, Grimmen and Loitz hailed Heinrich II von Mecklenburg as their ruler. But Doch Stralsund, Greifswald, Anklam and Demmin joined her and her and her sons: Barnim IV.of Pommern-Wolgast (1325-26-65), Bogislaw IV of Pommern-Stolp (circa 1326-26-74) and the posthumously born Wartislaw V. Pommern-Stralsund (1326-26-90). King Valdemar of Denmark and Count Graf Gerd von Holstein joined forces with the two other guardians; the Dukes of Pommern-Stettin Otto und Barnim, and in 1327 Heinrich von Mecklenburg had to flee, even though the fighting continued another year. In the peace-agreement he handed back the landscape of Rügen though some of the territory remained in his possession as a security for the settlement. She was daughter of Duke Heinrich III. von Glogau andMechthild von Braunschweig-Grubenhagen, and lived (1290-1356).

1560 Head of the Regency Council Dowager Duchess Maria von Sachen-Wettin
1574-83 Reigning Dowager Lady of the Administrative Office and Castle of Pudagla
After the death of her husband. Philipp I von Pommern-Wohgast, she named a Regency Council under Court Chamberlain Ulrich Schwerin for her 5 minor sons. It was in office until 1569 when the sons returned from their education abroad. 1574 she was given the possessions of the former Convent of Pudagla-Grob, by her oldest son, Ernst Ludwig. She lived (1516-83)

1577-1631 Regigning Lady Sophia Hedwig von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel of the Administrative Office of Darsim
1592-1631 Reigning Dowager Lady of the City of Loitz
Her husband, Duke Ernst Ludwig of Pommern-Wolgast (1545-69-92), handed over the the village to her as her dowry. Her only son, Philipp Julius, was under the guardianship of an uncle until 1603. Also mother of 2 daughters, and lived (1561-1631).

Pszczyna (part of Racibórz-Karniów) (Raciborz-Karniow) (Principality in Slesia)

1424–circa 1449 Sovereign Duchess Helena Korybutówna
The widow of Duke Jan II, she ruled together with Mikołaj III and Wacław. Pszczyna was a part of Racibórz-Karniów.

1452-62 Regent Dowager Duchess Barbara Rochemberg
Widow of Duke Mikołaj III, and also regent in Karniów-Rybnik.

1306-... Regent Dowager Duchess Anna Czerska
After the death of her husband, Duke Przemysław of Racibórz, she was regent for their son Leszek. She was daughter of Duke Konrad II of Czersk and Jadwiga, and lived (circa 1270-1324)

1336-40 Sovereign Duchess Anna
After the death her brother, Leszek, the king of Bohemia granted the Duchy to her and her husband, prince Mikołaj II of Opawa. She was a daughter of prince Przemysł of Racibórz and Anna, and lived (circa 1296-circa 1340).

1361-1405 De facto Co-Ruler Duchess Anna
She was in effect joint ruler with her husband, prince Jan of Racibórz, and after his death in 1380/82, she stayed in power as Co-ruler with her son Jan II. Daughter of prince Henry V of Głogów-Żagań and Anna of Płock, mother of 3 children, and lived (before 1350-after 1405).

Ratibor-Oppeln (Racibórz-Opole) (Principality in Slesia)

1230–31 Regent Dowager Duchess Wiola
1233/34–38 Co-Regent
After the death of her husband, Kazimierz, she was regent for sons Mieszko II and Władysław and from 1233/34 jointly with Henryk I Brodaty. Born in Bulgaria. (d. 1251).

(Noble domain of) Rzeszów

1638 Temporary Administrator Konstancja Ligęza
In charge of the domain after the death of her father, Castellan Mikołaj Spytek Ligęza until her marriage to Grand Marshal and Hetman Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski. Her mother was Zofia Krasińska, the daughter of starost and voivod Stanisław Krasiński, and she (d. 1648).

1761-83 Temporary Administrator Joanna von Stein zu Juttingen–Lubomirska
Administered the domain during the absence of her son, Franciszek Lubomirski. After the death of her husband, Jerzy Ignacy Lubomirski (1687-1753) she had become the favourite of minister Heinrich Bruehl. She joined the Bar Confederation - the association of Polish nobles (szlachta) formed at the fortress of Bar in Podolia in 1768 to defend the internal and external independence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against aggression by the Russian Empire and against King Stanisław August Poniatowski and Polish reformers who were attempting to limit the power of the Commonwealth's magnates. She lived (1723-1783).

Sandomierz and Łęczyca (Sandomierz and Leczyca)

1138-44 Politically Influential Duchess Dowager Salomea von Berg of Poland
1138-44 Sovereign Princess of Sieradz, Łęczyca and Sandomierz
After the death of her husband Prince Bolesław III Krzywousty of Poland, she was politically active, and she received Sieradz, Łęczyca and Sandomierz as her dowry. She was daughter of the German Count Henry von Berg and Countess Adelheide von Möchenta, had many children, and lived (1100-1144).

1194-1203/05 Reigning Dowager Duchess Elena
For Leszek (1194-1227). She was also regent of Poland Minor

1397-1420 Reigning Dowager Duchess Katharina von Oppeln in Zielona Góra and Kożuchów
Also known as Katarzyna Opolska, she held the territories as her dowry after the death of her husband Heinrich VIII.

1800-39 Sovereign Duchess Wilhelmine Biron von Kurland of Sagan, Representative of the Sovereign Dukes of Courland
The Duchy of Sagan was a fief of the Crown of Prussia, acquired from the Lobkowicz in 1786 by Duke Peter of Courland and confirmed for male line with succession to the nearest female on the death of the last male. The Biron von Courland line continued with Peter's brother, but on Peter's death in 1800 Sagan passed to the eldest daughter Princess Katharina Friederike Wilhelmine. She was first married to Prince Jules de Rohan-Guéméné until they divorced in 1805. Her second husband was Prince Vassili Trubetzkoi (d.1841) whom she divorced in 1806. In 1818 she married Carl Rudolf Graf von der Schulenburg, but had no children and was succeeded by sister, Pauline. Wilhelmine lived (1781-1839).

1839-44 Sovereign Duchess Pauline Biron von Kurland of Sagan and Representative of the Sovereign Dukes of Courland
Succeeded sister, Wilhelmine to the Duchy in Schlesia. Married to Prince Friedrich von Hohenzollern-Hechingen, who died 1838. She ceded the title to her son Constantin, Fürst von und zu Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1801-1869) in 1842. Since he had no children with his wife Princess Eugènie de Beauharnais von Leuchtenberg, she sold to her sister Dorothea all her portion of the allodial estates of the Duchy. Constantin continued negotiations with his aunt, which was concluded on 16 Oct 1843 with the sale of the title and all claims, subject to actual possession by Dorothea being delayed until 1844. Pauline lived (1782-1845).

1844-62 Sovereign Duchess Dorothea Biron von Kurland of Sagan and Representative of the Sovereign Dukes of Courland
She succeeded after her sister Pauline renounced the title in her favour and she bought Sagan from her nephew. The third sister, Johanna Catharine (1783-1876), who was divorced from Francesco Pignatelli Duca di Acerenza also renounced her rights in favour of the youngest sister. Dorothea was married to Edmund de Talleyrand-Périgord, Duc de Dino et de Talleyrand, French Foreign Minister, and her sons got the title of Duke of Sagan in 1844, again the succession was conferred to males, and following their extinction to the nearest female was confirmed by the King of Prussia in 1845 and in 1846. Dorothea gave birth to three children, and lived (1793-1862).

Sagan-Münsterberg (Żagań-Ziębice) (Zagan-Siebice) (Principality in Slesia)
The three sisters were married to three brothers, They were daughters of Jan II of Sagan (1439-82) and Glogau (1481-88), who lived (1435-1504) and Katarzina of Troppau (Katarzyna of Opawa). Apparently he sold Sagan to Sachsen in 1475. Their older sister, Malgorzata died around 1502 and was married to Miklós Bänffy de Limbow and Johann Hampo. Their youngest sister, Barbara was Abbess of St.Clara in Strehlen 1501-39.

1504-14 Sovereign Duchess Salomena of Schlesia-Sagan
She was married to Duke Albrecht of Münsterberg-Oels (Ziębice-Oleśnica) (1468-1511) and then to Johann von Kurzbach, Baron von Trachenberg und Militsch (Żmigród and Milicz) (d. 1549), and lived (1475-1514).

[1514-24 Sovereign Princess Hedwig of Münsterberg (Ziębice), Duchess of Sagan (Żagań)
Also known as Jadwiga, she was daughter of Duke Karl of Münsterberg and married to Margrave Georg the Pious of Brandenburg-Ansbach in 1525. He then became joint ruler. He had inherited some lands from his first wife, Beatrix Frankopani (see 1504) and inherited Opole and Racibórzr from a relative and later bought Jägerdorf - all duchies in Slesia which is now a part of Poland. Hedwig was mother of two daughters, and lived (1477-1524).

1524-41 Sovereign Duchess Anna of Schlesia-Sagan
1536-41 Duchess of Sagan-Glogau (Żagań-Głogów)
Wife of Karl I Albrecht of Münsterberg-Oels (1498-1536) and mother of Heinrich II (1507-36-48). She lived (1483-1541). ]

Sagan-Glogau (Żagań-Głogów) (Zagan-Glogow) (Principality in Slesia)

1393-97 Regent Dowager Duchess Hedwig von Liegnitz of Głogów
1393-1409 Reigning Dowager Duchess in Żagań, Krosno, Bobrowice, Nowogród Bobrzański and Świebodzin
Also known as Jadwiga Legnicka. After the death of her husband, Duke Heinrich VI, of Sagan, she held the territories as her dowry.

1236 and 1241 Duchess Saint Hedwig (Jadowa)
Possibly regent during the absence of her son and during an interregnum regent after death of her son Henryk II the Pious on 9.4.1241.

1241-42 Regent Dowager Duchess Anna of Bohemia
After the death of her husband, Henryk II, she became regent for her son Boleslaw II.

Until 1327 Duchess Regnant Anna zu Österreich
Also Duchess of Breslau. Married to Hermand von Brandenburg (d. 1308).

Schweidnitz-Fürstenberg (Świdnica) (Swidnica) (Principality in Slesia, in 1392 part of Bohemia)

1326-29 Reigning Dowager Duchess Kunegunda
She succeeded her husband, Duke Bernard of Świdnica, and was secondly married to of Prince Rudolf of Sachsen from 1329. The daughter of Władysław I Łokietek and Jadwiga Kaliska, she lived (1298-1331).

1345-63 Sovereign Duchess Anna von Schweidnitz
Also known as Anna Świdnicka, she was daughter of Duke Henryk II of Schweidnitz (1312-26-45) and Katharina d'Anjou (d. ca 1355) and married to Emperor Karl IV (1316-78). She lived (1339-62).

1338-68 Reigning Dowager Duchess Agnes von Habsburg of Strzegom
1368-92 Reigning Dowager Duchess of Świdnica and Jawor
Her husband, Duke Bolko II of Świdnica and Jawor (1309/1312-1368) granted her Strzegom in 1338 and she reigned in Świdnica and Jawor after his death. Daughter of Archduke Leopold von Habsburg. (d. 1392).

1782-1840 Heiress Amalia von Hoym
was married to Friedrich Ludwig, Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen (1746-1818) until their divorce in 1799. She lived (1763-1840).

Sluck

1586-1612 Princess Zofia Olelkowicz-Slucki
Only one year old when she inherited the possessions of her father, Jerzy Olelkowicz-Slucki, with her mother, Barbara Kiszczanka (d. before 1606) acting as her guardian. She married Janusz Prince Radziwill, castellan of Wilno and lived (1585-1612).

1586-1600 Regent Dowager Princess Barbara Kiszczanka
Reigned during her daughter's minority after her husband, Jerzy Olelkowicz-Slucki's death of the large estate in what was Lithuania at the time - it later became part of Russia, Belarus and since 1920 Poland. She was daughter of Mikolaj Kiszka, Voivode Podlaski and Barbara Chodkiewicz, and (d. before 1608).

1445-1456 Politically Influential Duchess Małgorzata
1456-? Regent
Until 1464 Co-ruler
She was very active supporter of her Her second husband was prince Wacław II of Racibórz' politics. After his death she became regent and (later) co-ruler of their son, Jan V. (d. 1464).

1433-47 Co-Ruler Duchess Eufemia Mazowiecka
She ruled with her 4 sons. She lived (1395/8-1447).

Bytom-Kozielsk (Beuthen) (Principality in Slesia)

Dobrzyń (Dobrzyn)

Glogau and Krossen (Głogów-Krosno/Krosno Odrzańskie) (Principality in Slesia)

Karniów-Rybnik (Karniow-Rybnik) (Principality in Slesia)

Kujawy-Łęczyca (Kujawy-Leczyca) (also see Dobrzyn) (Principality from 1233, to Preussia in 1793 by the division of Poland, 1918 part of the independent Poland)

Mazowsze-Bełz

Mazowsze-Kujawy (Masovia-Kuyavia)

Oppeln-Ratibor (Opole-Racibórz) (Opole-Raciborz) (Principality in Slesia)

Oświęcim (Oswiecim) (Auschwitz) (Principality in Slesia)

Pommern (Pomorze) (Pomerania) At the time a German Principality.

Ratibor-Oppeln (Racibórz-Opole) (Principality in Slesia)

Sandomierz and Łęczyca (Sandomierz and Leczyca)