Poland Heads

Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership
Female Heads of State of Poland
(Female suffrage 1918) After being partitioned by Russia, Prussia and Austria the Kingdom ceased to exist in 1795, was re-established as a state in 1918, 1945-89 Socialist one-party state where the Politburo of the Communist party was the supreme power.

Also see Poland Substates and Poland Ministers

Circa 750 Legendary Queen Wanda  

978/80-92 Politically Active Princess Oda of Poland 
The second wife of
Prince Mieszko I

1034-37 Regent Dowager Queen Richeza von der Pfalz of Poland
For Kazimierz I (1016/1034-37 and 1040). She died 1063.  

1088-92 Politically Influential Princess Judith Maria von Habsburg of Poland

1138-44 Politically Influential Princess Dowager Salomea von Berg of Poland
1138-44 Sovereign Princess of Sieradz, Łęczyca and Sandomierz

1194-1203/05 Regent Dowager Queen Elena of Poland Minor
For Leszek I (1194-98, 1199-1200 and 1201), for Mieszko III (1198-99, 1201 and 1202 (his second, third and fourth rule) and for Wladislaw (1202-06). She died 1203/05

1227-28 Regent Dowager Princess Grzymislava von Luck of Poland Minor
First regent and then co-ruler with son Bolesław V, after the death of her husband, Duke Leszek Biały of Małopolska. She lived (1190-1258).

1303-? Queen Richeza of Poland and Bohemia
She and her husband Przemysl III were crowned as King of Queen of the two countries and she received the Province of Greater Poland as a dowry. In 1306 her son, Venceslaus III became king but was murdered the same year. 

1370-75, 1376-77 and 1378-79 Regent Dowager Queen Elżbieta Łokietkówna of Poland and Dalmatia
She was regent for her son,
Lajos, (Laslo) of Poland-Hungary, who resided in Hungary most of the time. She has been very influential during the whole of his reign, he was succeeded by his daughter Jadwiga in Poland and Maria in Hungary, and lived (1305-80).

1384-99 Queen Jadwiga
Her official title was “Hedvig Rex Polonić”. She was daughter of Laslo of Hungary and Poland. Her sister, Maria, became Queen of Hungary. Jadwiga was married to Grand-Duke Wladislaw of Lithuania who became king and co-regent. He lived (1386-1434). She died 1399  


1399-1425 Politically Influential Princess Anna of Poland
Her father, Casimir III of Poland (1309–1370), was suceeded by his nephew, Louis of Hungary, who was again succeeded by his daughter, Jadwiga. When she died in 1399 her husband, Władysław IV Jagiełło, Grand Duke of Lithuania looked for a new wife among the heirs to the kingdom of Poland, and he was married to her yongest daughter, Anna of Celje and had one daughter, Princess Jadwiga of Lithuania, in 1408, with him. Anna died in 1416 without further surviving children and her granddaughter was married to Margrave Friederich II of Brandenburg Template (1413–1471), and she and a party of nobles wanted her granddaughter and her husband to succeed Władysław at least in Poland, instead of his sons by his fourth wife, but when she died, Jadwiga was without any strong relatives to support her position and she died 1431 without any issue, allegedly by poison. She had first married the Slovenian count William of Celje (1361–92) and secondly Duke Ulrich von Teck (d. 1432). She lived (1366–1425).

1434-38 Possible Member of the Regency Council Queen Zofia Holszańska of Poland
1434-61 Politically Active
Also known as Sonka or Sofia of Holszany. After the death of her husband, king Władysław II Jagiełło, she lost the struggle over the regency for her son King Władysław III Warneńczyk of Poland and Hungary, though new research indicates that she might have been Regency Council Member, but she remained involved in politics, and in 1454 helped her younger son, Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk, to asume the throne after the death of his brother.  king. She lived (1405-61).


1454-1501 Politically Influential Queen and Grand Duchess Elzbieta Rakuszanka of Poland and Lithuania  
Very influential during the reign of her husband, polish king and great duke of Lithuania, Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk and their son, Jan I (1492-1501). She lived (1436–1505).

1575-86 Rex Poloniae Anna Jagiellonka
Daughter of King Zygmunt I the Old of Poland and Bona Sforza, and was Queen and co-regent with her husband Stefan Batory, but she was not politically influential and only titular "king". After the death of her husband, she introduced nephew Zygmunt Vasa of Sweden (the son of her sister) on the throne. She lived (1523-96).

1606-31 Politically Influential Queen Konstancja von Habsburg of Poland
She was the second wife of king Zygmunt III Waza (1566-87-1632), and very political influential during his reign. She lived (1588–1631). 

1649-67 De Facto Co-Ruler Queen Ludowika Maria Gonzaga of Poland
Governor of the Nivernais in France 1637-47. She  was very political influential and de facto co-ruler after her marriage to Władysław IV Waza (1595-1632-48) and during the reign of his younger brother, king Jan II Kazimierz Waza (1609-48-68). Maria Ludvica Gonzaga lived (1611–67).

1674-96 Politically Influential Queen Maria Kazimiera d'Arquien of Poland
Also known as Marysieńka, she was very political influential during the reign of her husband, king Jan III Sobieski (1629-74-96). Since 1699 she lived in Rome and from 1714 in France. She lived (1641–1716).

1674-93 Political Advisor Katarzyna Sobieska
During the reign of her brother, King of Poland Jan III Sobieski, she was politically influential. First married to Władysław Dominik Zasławski and secondly to Michał Kazimierz Radziwiłł on June 13, 1658.
She lived (1634-1694).

1733-57 Politically influential Queen Maria Josefa von Habsburg of Poland and Sachsen
When her husband, Elector Friederich August II von Sachsen or King August II of Poland (16961733-63) was in Poland she functioned as his representative, if not as an official regent in Sachsen. Ministers and ambassadors reported to her and she maintained a large network of corrresponce. She was a powerful personality, who exerciesed great influence over her husband, and whose authority was recognised by all members of the court. She also participated actively in the negotiations in the Reichstag (Assembly). All of her surviving 11 children made good marriages, but this alignment with Austria and the rest of Catholic Europe provoked the aggression of Preussia, and led to the Seven Years War, which began in 1756, when Sachsen was occoupied by King Friederich II. Her husband escaped to Poland, but she chose to stay back and organised the defence together with her son, Friederich Christian and his wife, Maria Antonia, and she used her big international network to do her best to save the electorate from total destruction. As there were no male Habsburg Heirs to the Austrian Empire she and her sister Maria Amalia (influential in Bavaria since 1722), had been given precedence in the succession in the secret "Pactum Mutuae Successionis", but later her uncle, Karl VI, paved the way for the succession of his daughter, Maria-Theresia in 1740 through the Pragmatic Sanction. Instead she tried to have her husband Holy Roman Emperor after the death of Karl VI and his successor, Karl VII, in 1744. five years later. She lived (1699-1757).

20.11.1952-24.06.1965 Member of the Council of State Alicja Musiałowa
Member of the Polish United Worker's Party (PZPR). (1911-)

24.06.1965-28.03.1972 Member of the Council of State Eugenia Krassowska-Jodłowska
07.1946-06.1950 Prostate Secretary of Education
06.1950-12.1951 Prostate Secretary of High Schools and Science
12.1951-06.1965 Prostate Secretary of Higher Education
Between 1965-69 Vice-Chairperson of the Democratic Party (Stronnictwo Demokratyczne).  She lived (1910–86).

28.03.1972-02.04.1980 Member of the Council of State Halina Koźniewska
Non-partisan. (1920-)

18.12.1976-06.11.1985 Member of the Council of State Eugenia Kempara
Member of the Polish United Worker's Party (PZPR). (1929-)

02.04.1980-23.03.1983 Member of the Council of State Krystyna Marszałek-Młyńczyk
08.1986-07.1990 Prostate Secretary of Culture. Member of the Democratic Party (Stronnictwo Demokratyczne). (1930-)

06.11.1985-17.06.1988 Member of the Council of State Elżbieta Łucja Gacek
Vice-Marchall of Sejm in 17.06.1988-03.06.1989. Member of the Polish United Worker's Party (PZPR). (1938-)

1997-2001 2nd Deputy Head of State, Marshall of the Senate Prof. Alicja Grześkowiak
She was Vice-Marshall of the Senate 1992-93 .  

2011- Deputy Head of State, Marshall of Sejm Ewa Kopacz


 

Last update 14.11.11